{"id":28253,"date":"2020-03-25T09:20:29","date_gmt":"2020-03-25T06:20:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/?p=28253"},"modified":"2020-03-25T11:46:37","modified_gmt":"2020-03-25T08:46:37","slug":"bilimin-covid-19-ile-savasi-zehra-taskin-guleda-dogan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/2020\/03\/25\/bilimin-covid-19-ile-savasi-zehra-taskin-guleda-dogan","title":{"rendered":"Bilimin COVID-19 ile sava\u015f\u0131 | Zehra Ta\u015fk\u0131n & G\u00fcleda Do\u011fan"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zehra Ta\u015fk\u0131n, G\u00fcleda Do\u011fan
\n<\/em><\/strong>Hacettepe \u00dcniversitesi Bilgi ve Belge Y\u00f6netimi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyeleri<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

COVID-19<\/strong><\/a>\u2019da ilk vakan\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DS\u00d6) taraf\u0131ndan 31 Aral\u0131k 2019 olarak kabul ediliyor. Hastal\u0131k, 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde WHO taraf\u0131ndan bir pandemi olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor\u00a0[1].<\/p>\n

\u015eekil 1, 29 Ocak 2019 tarihinde hen\u00fcz hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ad\u0131 COVID-19 konmadan \u00f6nceki, gen dizilimi bulunup NCBI GenBank \u00fczerinden payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131ktan\u00a0[2]\u00a0yakla\u015f\u0131k iki hafta sonraki durumu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u015eekil 1. 29 Ocak 2019 tarihinde COVID-19\u2019un d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 [3]<\/em><\/p>\n

Bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte pandemi 185 \u00fclkeyi etkilemi\u015f durumda, vaka say\u0131s\u0131 340 bine yak\u0131n ve 15 bine yak\u0131n ki\u015fi COVID-19 nedeniyle hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti[4]. \u015eekil 1\u2019in \u00fczerinden daha iki ay bile ge\u00e7meden vaka say\u0131s\u0131 40 kat artm\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 etkileyen bu sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmek bilim ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn! Ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan bug\u00fcne ge\u00e7en yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lan bilimsel yay\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 2250\u00a0[5].<\/p>\n

\u0130lk vaka ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan 10 g\u00fcn gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra vir\u00fcs\u00fcn gen diziliminin bulunmas\u0131, SARS ile olan ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131, tan\u0131 ve tedavi y\u00f6ntemlerinin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sayesinde. A\u015f\u0131 ile ilgili yo\u011fun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da biliyoruz. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131. COVID-19 konusundaki bilimsel geli\u015fmeler de olduk\u00e7a h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerliyor ve bundaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck rol \u201cA\u00e7\u0131k Bilim\u201din. Yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n verilerine herkes eri\u015febiliyor. Baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n direnci \u201cA\u00e7\u0131k Bilim\u201d \u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00f6nemli bir engeldi. A\u00e7\u0131k payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6nemi de ne yaz\u0131k ki ac\u0131 bir \u00f6rnek ile anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu. T\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara eri\u015febiliyor olmak bilimin daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerlemesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n birlikte incelenmesine ve de\u011ferlendirilmesine de olanak veriyor. \u015eu an karar verici konumdakiler, bilgisine ba\u015fvurulan uzmanlar, bizzat tan\u0131 ve tedavi s\u00fcrecinde yer alan doktorlar ve daha bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi\/kurum i\u00e7in literat\u00fcr\u00fc takip etmek vazge\u00e7ilmez hale geldi. Ancak, literat\u00fcr\u00fcn bu kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 ilerledi\u011fi bir ortamda takibi de olduk\u00e7a zor. Bu a\u015famada yay\u0131nlar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkeler, yay\u0131nlardaki anahtar s\u00f6zc\u00fckler, yay\u0131nland\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkeler, at\u0131f yap\u0131lan kaynaklar yay\u0131n bilgileri kullan\u0131larak olu\u015fturulacak a\u011flar yard\u0131m\u0131m\u0131za yeti\u015febilir.<\/p>\n

\u015eekil 2, VosViewer kullan\u0131larak konu ilgili bug\u00fcne kadar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f t\u00fcm yay\u0131nlar\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131k, \u00f6zet ve anahtar s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri kullan\u0131larak olu\u015fturulmu\u015f bir harita. Bir nevi literat\u00fcr\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck resmi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u015eekil 2. Covid-19 \u00fczerine yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 2250 yay\u0131n\u0131n anahtar s\u00f6zc\u00fck haritas\u0131-1 [6]<\/em><\/p>\n

Hem yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 konular\u0131, hem de aralar\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 konular\u0131na g\u00f6re be\u015f alt gruba ay\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Harita \u00fc\u00e7 ay gibi k\u0131sa bir d\u00f6nemde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara dayan\u0131yor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n zamansal da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile ilgili fikir edinmek ise \u015eekil 3 ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Konu ile ilgili en temel ve vir\u00fcs\u00fcn ilk tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fcme mavi k\u00fcme. Bu k\u00fcmedeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilk ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 2019 sonlar\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn kayna\u011f\u0131, mutasyonu, genetik yap\u0131s\u0131, v\u00fccuda giri\u015fi, etkile\u015fimi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma mekanizmas\u0131 bu k\u00fcmede yer alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ile ortaya konmu\u015f durumda. Ayr\u0131ca, MERS ve SARS ile olan ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 da bu k\u00fcmede \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. K\u00fcmedeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar a\u015f\u0131\/ila\u00e7 geli\u015ftirme konusunda devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, sar\u0131 ve ye\u015fil k\u00fcmeler 2020 itibariyle olu\u015fmu\u015f k\u00fcmeler. Mavi k\u00fcmeye olan yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile dikkat \u00e7eken ye\u015fil k\u00fcmenin halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusundaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan olu\u015ftu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda daha \u00e7ok \u00fclkelere, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na, salg\u0131n\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nabilmesi i\u00e7in soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131, seyahat k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131, el y\u0131kama, sosyal uzakla\u015fma, ki\u015fisel koruyucu malzemeler gibi gereken \u00f6nlem ve devlet politikalar\u0131na odaklan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Mavi k\u00fcme ile yo\u011fun ba\u011flant\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde olan ve a\u011fdaki en etkili ikinci k\u00fcme diyebilece\u011fimiz k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 k\u00fcmede yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar daha \u00e7ok hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri ile ilgili. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131, \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck, ate\u015f gibi klinik bulgular\/semptomlar, erken tan\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131s\u0131 ve seyri; cinsiyet, ya\u015f ve diyabet, hipertansiyon gibi altta yatan hastal\u0131klar\u0131n etkisi, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerleyi\u015fi ve s\u00fcresi ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar bu k\u00fcmede yer al\u0131yor. Yine ayn\u0131 k\u00fcmede hamile kad\u0131nlar, plasenta, yeni do\u011fan ve bebekler ile \u00e7ocuk hastalar \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar da mevcut.<\/p>\n

K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 k\u00fcme ile mavi k\u00fcme aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 sa\u011flayan mor k\u00fcme h\u00fccre \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ancak ge\u00e7i\u015fi sa\u011flamas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir k\u00fcme.
\nK\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 k\u00fcmeye yak\u0131n konumlanm\u0131\u015f sar\u0131 k\u00fcmede ise sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin hastal\u0131ktan korunmas\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k personeli \u00fczerinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kayg\u0131, depresyon ve di\u011fer ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 problemleri ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u015eekil 3. Covid-19 \u00fczerine yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 2250 yay\u0131n\u0131n anahtar s\u00f6zc\u00fck haritas\u0131-2 (zaman ekli) [7]<\/em><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, mavi k\u00fcme konu ilgili temel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fcme ve di\u011fer t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda ve konu ile ilgili literat\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fmesinde \u00f6neme sahip. Mavi k\u00fcmedeki bu temel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 daha da \u00f6nemli hale getiren t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn eri\u015fime a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131 ve \u00fczerine yenilerinin rahatl\u0131kla in\u015fa edilebilmesi. Her g\u00fcn korkarak bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z vaka ve \u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131lar\u0131 ortadayken, bunun b\u00f6yle olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hayal etmek dahi \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc. Ortada bunca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma varken ve hepsi belki de ilk defa eri\u015filebilir durumdayken al\u0131nan her karar\u0131n, al\u0131nan her tedbirin ve s\u00f6ylenen her s\u00f6z\u00fcn bilime dayanmas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

Notlar\/Kaynaklar:<\/h4>\n

[1]\u00a0https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/events-as-they-happen<\/p>\n

[2]\u00a0https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/genbank\/2019-ncov-seqs\/?utm_campaign=wuhan_nCoV&utm_source=insights&utm_medium=referral<\/p>\n

[3]https:\/\/gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com\/apps\/opsdashboard\/index.html#\/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6<\/p>\n

[4]https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/novel-coronavirus-china<\/p>\n

[5]https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/global-research-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov<\/p>\n

[6]\u00a0Etkile\u015fimli harita i\u00e7in bkz.\u00a0http:\/\/www.vosviewer.com\/vosviewer.php?map=http:\/\/yunus.hacettepe.edu.tr\/~ztaskin\/COVID\/Map.txt&network=http:\/\/yunus.hacettepe.edu.tr\/~ztaskin\/COVID\/Network.txt\u00a0(Network visualization)<\/p>\n

[7]\u00a0Etkile\u015fimli harita i\u00e7in bkz.\u00a0http:\/\/www.vosviewer.com\/vosviewer.php?map=http:\/\/yunus.hacettepe.edu.tr\/~ztaskin\/COVID\/Map.txt&network=http:\/\/yunus.hacettepe.edu.tr\/~ztaskin\/COVID\/Network.txt\u00a0(Overlay visualization)<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131 Kayna\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zehra Ta\u015fk\u0131n, G\u00fcleda Do\u011fan Hacettepe \u00dcniversitesi Bilgi ve Belge Y\u00f6netimi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyeleri COVID-19\u2019da ilk vakan\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DS\u00d6) taraf\u0131ndan 31 Aral\u0131k 2019 olarak kabul ediliyor. Hastal\u0131k, 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde WHO taraf\u0131ndan bir pandemi olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor\u00a0[1].<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28254,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1564,1],"tags":[1351,1352,1349,1224,1353,1350],"class_list":["post-28253","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dr-ogr-uyesi-zehra-taskin","category-genel","tag-corona-virus","tag-corona-virus-ve-kutuphaneler","tag-covid-19","tag-guleda-dogan","tag-koronavirus-ve-kutuphaneler","tag-pandemi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28253"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28253"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28253\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28261,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28253\/revisions\/28261"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28254"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}