{"id":2785,"date":"2012-02-27T07:36:32","date_gmt":"2012-02-27T07:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/?p=2785"},"modified":"2012-09-07T18:04:38","modified_gmt":"2012-09-07T15:04:38","slug":"osmanli-doneminde-istanbul%e2%80%99da-kadinlarin-kurdugu-kutuphaneler-ayten-san","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/2012\/02\/27\/osmanli-doneminde-istanbul%e2%80%99da-kadinlarin-kurdugu-kutuphaneler-ayten-san","title":{"rendered":"Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde \u0130stanbul\u2019da kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kurdu\u011fu k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler-Ayten \u015ean"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kad\u0131n Eserleri K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi ve Bilgi Merkezi Vakf\u0131<\/a>, \u0130stanbul 2010 Ajans\u0131 deste\u011fiyle y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc “\u0130stanbul Kad\u0131n Kad\u0131n \u0130stanbul” projesinin sonunda ayn\u0131 adla bir de kitap yay\u0131mland\u0131. \u0130\u015fte bu kitaptan Beyaz\u0131t Devlet K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/a> M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Ayten \u015ean’\u0131n Yaz\u0131s\u0131 \u2026<\/p>\n

Sosyal hayat\u0131m\u0131zda kad\u0131n\u0131n etkisi ve \u00f6zveriyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fler, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde hak edilen bir \u00f6neme sahip de\u011filse de i\u015fin ger\u00e7e\u011fi bu de\u011fildir. Tarih boyunca kad\u0131nlar al\u00e7ak g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fckle pek \u00e7ok i\u015fin \u00fcstesinden gelmi\u015flerdir. Kad\u0131n duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kendini daha \u00e7ok sosyal sorumluluk ba\u011flam\u0131nda g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Eskiden hay\u0131r kurumu ad\u0131 ile g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yard\u0131mla\u015fma dernekleri olarak olu\u015fturulan pek \u00e7ok sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015f\u0131nda kad\u0131nlar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Yard\u0131mseverli\u011fin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, e\u011fitime, k\u00fclt\u00fcre, bilgilenmeye \u00f6nem veren kad\u0131nlar tarihimizin \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00f6nemlerinde okullar, k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler ve hatta sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131 olu\u015fturup bunlar\u0131n kesintisiz hizmet vermelerini sa\u011flamada etkin rol oynam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. E\u011fitim kurumu olarak kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan kurulan k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler de bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede ele al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n

Anadolu’nun \u00e7e\u015fitli illerinde oldu\u011fu gibi, \u0130stanbul’da da k\u00fct\u00fcphane kuran Sultan ve Valide Sultanlar vard\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan kurulan k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerin vakfiyeleri (bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131yla y\u00f6netmelikleri) incelendi\u011fi zaman bir kurulu\u015f olarak k\u00fct\u00fcphanenin i\u015fleyi\u015fi ile ilgili b\u00fct\u00fcn ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. K\u00fct\u00fcphane de g\u00f6rev alacak Haf\u0131z-\u0131 K\u00fct\u00fcplerin (uzman k\u00fct\u00fcphaneciler), k\u00e2tiplerin (sekreter ya da yazman), m\u00fccellitlerin (cilt ustas\u0131) v.b. g\u00f6revleri, verilecek \u00fccretler, sa\u011flanacak sosyal imk\u00e2nlar ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

O devirde, \u0130stanbul’da kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan kurulan dokuz adet k\u00fct\u00fcphane vard\u0131r, bunlar kurulu\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131yla;<\/p>\n

1- Nurbanu\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sultan (1582)<\/p>\n

2- \u0130smihan\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sultan (1582)<\/p>\n

3- Turhan\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sultan (1664)<\/p>\n

4- G\u00fcln\u00fc\u015f\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sultan (1712)<\/p>\n

5- Saliha\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sultan (1752)<\/p>\n

6- Mihri\u015fah\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sultan (1795)<\/p>\n

7- Bezmialem\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sultan\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (1840)<\/p>\n

8- Tiryal\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Han\u0131m<\/p>\n

9- Pertevniyal\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sultan\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (1871)<\/p>\n

k\u00fct\u00fcphaneleridir.<\/p>\n

Bu k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerin kitaplar\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde vak\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n adlar\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerde ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 saklanmaktad\u0131r. Vak\u0131f K\u00fct\u00fcphaneleri eskiden Evkaf Nezaretine (Vak\u0131flar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na) ba\u011fl\u0131 iken 1924 y\u0131l\u0131nda 3 Mart 1924 tarih 430<\/p>\n

say\u0131l\u0131 “Tevhid-i Tedrisat” bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131yla “\u00d6\u011fretimi Birle\u015ftirme” yasas\u0131yla Milli E\u011fitime ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise kamuya ait k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n konusu olan Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminin kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan \u0130stanbul’da kurulan k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerini k\u0131saca tan\u0131tal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Nurbanu Sultan K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/p>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta saraya al\u0131narak e\u011fitilen Nurbanu Sultan, asl\u0131nda bir Yahudi k\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r. Akl\u0131 ve g\u00fczelli\u011fi ile sultanl\u0131\u011fa kadar y\u00fckselerek II. Selim ile evlenmi\u015ftir. Osmanl\u0131 Saray\u0131nda kad\u0131nlar saltanat\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve etken olmas\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. II. Selim (1566 \u2013 1574) ve III. Murat (1574-1593) devirlerinde siyaset ve idari i\u015flerde s\u00f6z sahibi olmu\u015ftur. II. Selim’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve o\u011flu III. Murad’\u0131n tahta ge\u00e7i\u015fiyle Nurbanu Sultan’\u0131n saraydaki g\u00fcc\u00fc sars\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc gelini Safiye Sultan saray\u0131n en \u00e7ok s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en kad\u0131n\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Damad\u0131 Sokullu Mehmet Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra (1579) Nurbanu Sultan Yenikap\u0131 Saray\u0131’na g\u00f6nderilir.<\/p>\n

1583 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00dcsk\u00fcdar’da Topta\u015f\u0131’nda bir cami yapt\u0131r\u0131r. Caminin yan\u0131nda medrese, dar\u00fclhadis, dar\u00fclkurra, imaret, dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fifa, s\u0131byan mektebi, misafirler i\u00e7in bir han ve tabhane (k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k oturma yeri) de yapt\u0131rarak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u00fclliye meydana getirmi\u015ftir. K\u00fclliyenin mimar\u0131n\u0131n Sinan ya da Davut oldu\u011fu ile ilgili \u00e7e\u015fitli kay\u0131tlar vard\u0131r. Sanatsal de\u011feri olduk\u00e7a k\u0131ymetli bir yap\u0131d\u0131r. K\u00fclliyenin tabhane, t\u0131marhane, misafirhane ve imareti Nizam-\u0131 Cedit’in s\u00fcvari askerlerine k\u0131\u015fla olarak tahsis edilmi\u015f, daha sonra Alemdar Mustafa Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n Cihadiye Sekban\u0131 da buraya yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Zaman\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ilk ak\u0131l hastanemiz bu Topta\u015f\u0131 t\u0131marhanesinde kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Nurbanu Sultan, \u0130stanbul’da k\u00fct\u00fcphane kuran ilk kad\u0131nd\u0131r. Atik Valide Cami diye de an\u0131lan bu camiye Nurbanu Sultan bir miktar kitap ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayarak ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan k\u00fct\u00fcphaneyi kurmu\u015ftur. Bunlar; Kur’an, tefsir, hadis, f\u0131k\u0131h, tasavvuf, mant\u0131k ve edebiyat gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli konularda kitaplard\u0131r. Yaz\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fidi ve s\u00fcsleme bak\u0131m\u0131ndan son derece de\u011ferli olan onalt\u0131 Kur’an buradan, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Sultanahmet’teki \u0130brahim Pa\u015fa Saray\u0131’nda hizmet veren T\u00fcrk \u0130slam Eserleri M\u00fczesi’ne nakledilmi\u015ftir. Nurbanu Sultan Cami’nin avlusundaki h\u00fccrelerden birinde oturan \u015eeyh Abd\u00fclkadir Efendi (Emir Hoca Kemanke\u015f) de 1723 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu camiye yedi y\u00fczden fazla kitap ba\u011f\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bab\u00fcssade A\u011fas\u0131 Yakup A\u011fa’n\u0131n 1680 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00dcsk\u00fcdar’da Kap\u0131 A\u011fas\u0131 Cami civar\u0131nda yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 dershanesine ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 31 kitap da sonradan buraya getirilmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 koleksiyon (Nurbanu Sultan, Kemanke\u015f ve Yakup A\u011fa) 1924 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00dcsk\u00fcdar’daki Hac\u0131 Selim A\u011fa K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne nakledilmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde burada vak\u0131flar\u0131n isimlerini ta\u015f\u0131yarak ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 saklanmakta ve yararlan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 kaynaklara g\u00f6re Nurbanu Sultan Osmanl\u0131 tarihinde “Valide Sultan” unvan\u0131n\u0131 alan ilk kad\u0131n olarak ge\u00e7mektedir. Ayasofya’da (kocas\u0131) zevci II. Selim’in t\u00fcrbesine g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u0130smihan Sultan K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/p>\n

\u0130smihan Sultan, Sultan II. Selim ile Nurbanu Sultan’\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r. Dedesi Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman (1520-1566) zaman\u0131nda Sokullu Mehmet Pa\u015fa ile Sokullu’nun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra da (1579) Budin Beylerbeyi Kolayl\u0131koz Ali Pa\u015fa ile evlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Babas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra karde\u015fi III. Murad devrinde annesi (Nurbanu Sultan) ile Safiye Sultan aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fccadelede annesinin yan\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hay\u0131rseverli\u011fi ile de annesinin izinden giden \u0130smihan Sultan, Ey\u00fcp’teki medresede bir k\u00fct\u00fcphane kurmu\u015ftur. Bu k\u00fct\u00fcphanedeki 430 cilt kitab\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u0130smihan Sultan’\u0131n, bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda da Sokullu’nun vak\u0131f m\u00fch\u00fcrleri vard\u0131r. Medreselerin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerine buradaki kitaplar \u00f6nce 1924’te Ey\u00fcp’teki H\u00fcsrev Pa\u015fa K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne daha sonra da 1957’de S\u00fcleymaniye K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne nakledilmi\u015flerdir; bu kitaplar\u0131n basma katalogu vard\u0131r. 1990’11 y\u0131llar\u0131n ortalar\u0131na kadar \u0130smihan Sultan \u00c7ocuk K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi ad\u0131yla Ey\u00fcp’te bir k\u00fct\u00fcphane vard\u0131. Ancak daha sonraki y\u0131llarda eleman verilemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ici olarak kapat\u0131lan k\u00fct\u00fcphane daha sonra da ayn\u0131 nedenle tamamen kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130smihan Sultan, Ey\u00fcp’te 1569 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bu medreseden ba\u015fka Sultanahmet Meydan\u0131’n\u0131n alt taraf\u0131nda Kad\u0131rga’ya yak\u0131n bir yama\u00e7ta bir cami yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kiliseden \u00e7evrilen bu caminin ad\u0131n\u0131n, Sokullu Camii diye bilindi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenir.<\/p>\n

\u0130smihan Sultan Medresesi, daha sonra vak\u0131flar idaresi taraf\u0131ndan onar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve \u0130stanbul Belediyesi’ne sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezi olarak kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere tahsis edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Turhan Sultan K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/p>\n

Turhan Hatice Sultan 1627 y\u0131l\u0131nda Rusya’da do\u011fup, esir d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ak\u0131nc\u0131 Tatarlar taraf\u0131ndan on iki ya\u015f\u0131nda \u0130stanbul’a getiriliyor. Sarayda bir m\u00fcddet e\u011fitilerek Sultan \u0130brahim’e odal\u0131k olarak veriliyor. 1648 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sultan \u0130brahim \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcnce o\u011flu iV. Mehmet (1648-1687) padi\u015fah oldu. Ve Turhan Sultan sarayda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir n\u00fcfuz kazand\u0131. Kad\u0131nlar saltanat\u0131n\u0131n en etkin simalar\u0131ndand\u0131r. Uzun y\u0131llar devlet i\u015flerinde s\u00f6z\u00fc ge\u00e7en K\u00f6sem Mahpeyker Sultan’la rekabet ve m\u00fccadele etmi\u015ftir. Otuz y\u0131ldan fazla devlet i\u015flerinde s\u00f6z sahibi olmu\u015ftur. Mimar Kas\u0131m A\u011fa arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Mehmet Pa\u015fa’y\u0131 sadarete getirmesinin \u00e7ok yararl\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda c\u00f6mert ve hay\u0131rsever bir han\u0131md\u0131r. II. Mehmed’in (1595-1603) annesi Safiye Sultan taraf\u0131ndan 1598 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanan ve 1603’de padi\u015fah\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile ve annesinin eski saraya g\u00f6nderilmesiyle yar\u0131m kalan Emin\u00f6n\u00fc’ndeki Yeni Camii tamamlatm\u0131\u015f, cami ile birlikte t\u00fcrbe, dar\u00fclkurra, mektep, sabilhane, muvakk\u0131thane ve denize kar\u015f\u0131 bir kasr (Valide Sultan Dairesi) yapt\u0131rarak 1664 y\u0131l\u0131nda halka a\u00e7t\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O zaman Sultan Ahmed Camii” Yeni Cami” olarak an\u0131l\u0131yor, buras\u0131 da Valide Camii olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Turhan Sultan bu tarihi yap\u0131lar\u0131 olu\u015ftururken cami i\u00e7indeki kitap dolaplar\u0131na bir miktar kitap ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayarak kendi ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan k\u00fct\u00fcphaneyi kurmu\u015ftur. 338 adet yazma, 1 adet basma eser k\u00fct\u00fcphanenin koleksiyonunu olu\u015fturur. Sonradan torunu III. Ahmed’in 1724-1725 y\u0131llar\u0131nda t\u00fcrbe biti\u015fi\u011finde yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fct\u00fcphaneye Turhan Sultan’\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f kitaplar\u0131 nakledilmi\u015ftir. 1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda da Yeni Cami K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi ile birlikte Sultan Selim’deki (Fatih’te) k\u00fct\u00fcphaneye (yak\u0131n zamana kadar \u00e7ocuk k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.) ve 1918’de de S\u00fcleymaniye<\/p>\n

K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne getirilmi\u015ftir. Bu kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun cilt, yaz\u0131 ve s\u00fcsleme bak\u0131m\u0131ndan sanatsal de\u011feri vard\u0131r. Aralar\u0131nda Fatih ve Kanuni i\u00e7in \u00f6zel yaz\u0131lan eserler bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00dczerlerinde Turhan Sultan’\u0131n 1073 H. tarihli vak\u0131f m\u00fchr\u00fc vard\u0131r. Alt\u0131n yald\u0131zlarla s\u00fcslenmi\u015f olan Turhan Sultan vakfiyesi de 150 numarayla kay\u0131tl\u0131 sanat de\u011feri olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek olan ciltli bir eserdir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcln\u00fc\u015f Sultan K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/p>\n

17. asr\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunan ve “Avc\u0131” lakab\u0131yla da tan\u0131lan iV. Mehmet’in (1648-1687) zevcesi (e\u015fi) olan G\u00fcln\u00fc\u015f Ematullah Sultan, Girit seferinin ba\u015flar\u0131nda esir al\u0131n\u0131p, saraya g\u00f6nderilen<\/p>\n

Resmo’lu bir Rum k\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130slam dinine samimiyetle ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve baz\u0131 yerlerde ad\u0131 Rabia G\u00fcln\u00fc\u015f \u015feklinde ge\u00e7mektedir. O\u011fullar\u0131 II. Mustafa (1695-1703) ve III. Ahmed’in de (1703-1730) padi\u015fahl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Galata’da Yeni Camii ile \u00dcsk\u00fcdar Yeni Camii ve k\u00fclliyesi G\u00fcln\u00fc\u015f Sultan taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Lale devrinin en g\u00fczel yap\u0131lar\u0131ndan olan \u00dcsk\u00fcdar Yeni Camii ta\u015f i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sanat de\u011feri olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek bir eserdir. G\u00fcln\u00fc\u015f Sultan bu camiinin t\u00fcrbe odas\u0131ndaki kitap dolab\u0131na kitap ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayarak ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan k\u00fct\u00fcphaneyi kurmu\u015ftur. 66 yazma eseri vard\u0131r. Efgani \u015eeyh Ali Haydar Efendi de sonradan bu k\u00fct\u00fcphaneye 74 adet kitap ba\u011f\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kitaplar 1924 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00dcsk\u00fcdar Hac\u0131 Selim A\u011fa K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne, buradan da S\u00fcleymaniye K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne nakledilmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcln\u00fc\u015f Sultan kitaplar\u0131nda 1124 H. tarihli vak\u0131f m\u00fchr\u00fc vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Saliha Hatun K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/p>\n

Saliha Hatun’un hayat\u0131yla ilgili fazla bir bilgi bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Karag\u00fcmr\u00fck’teki mektebine bir miktar kitap ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayarak k\u00fct\u00fcphanesini kurmu\u015ftur. 96 numaral\u0131 kitab\u0131ndaki kay\u0131ttan III.Ahmed ve 45-52 numaral\u0131 kitaplar\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015fart\u0131ndan da II. Mahmud devri (1808 \u2013 1839) \u015feyh\u00fclislamlar\u0131ndan Ak Mahmud Efendizade Zeynelabidin Efendi’nin zevcesi (e\u015fi) oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Saliha Hatun K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’nde \u00e7e\u015fitli ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan kitaplar da vard\u0131r ki, me\u015fhur tarih\u00e7i Naima Efendi de bunlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Saliha Han\u0131m kitaplar\u0131nda zevci (e\u015fi) Zeynelabidin Efendi’nin 1165 H. (1752 M.) tarihli m\u00fchr\u00fc vard\u0131r. Bu k\u00fct\u00fcphanede 177 yazma, 5 basma olmak \u00fczere 182 adet kitap vard\u0131r ve fihristi (liste) yazmad\u0131r. Bu kitaplar 1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda Saliha Hatun mektebinden \u00c7ar\u015famba’daki Murat Molla K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne, buradan da 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda S\u00fcleymaniye Yazmalar K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne nakledilmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Mihri\u015fah Sultan K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/p>\n

Mihri\u015fah Sultan, III. Mustafa’n\u0131n (1757-1774) zevcesi (e\u015fi) ve III. Selim’in (1789-1809) annesidir. \u0130yiliksever ve eli a\u00e7\u0131k bir han\u0131md\u0131r. \u0130stanbul’un bir\u00e7ok semtlerinde (Emin\u00f6n\u00fc, Bal\u0131kpazar\u0131, Hal\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu, Hask\u00f6y, Be\u015fikta\u015f, F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131,<\/p>\n

Kas\u0131mpa\u015fa, Yenik\u00f6y, \u00dcsk\u00fcdar, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcksu, Ey\u00fcp) \u00e7e\u015fme yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bunlardan \u00f6zellikle K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcksu da iskele meydan\u0131nda kasr\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunan \u00e7e\u015fmesi ile Ey\u00fcp’te Bostan \u0130skelesi’nde t\u00fcrbesinin yan\u0131nda bulunan \u00e7e\u015fmesi sanatsal de\u011feri olan g\u00fczel \u00e7e\u015fmelerdir. Mihri\u015fah Sultan, Ey\u00fcp Camii i\u00e7inde iki dolaba bir miktar kitap ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayarak kendi ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan k\u00fct\u00fcphaneyi kurmu\u015ftur. Fihristi (listesi) ba\u015f\u0131ndaki kay\u0131ttan k\u00fct\u00fcphanenin 1796 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fu, keth\u00fcdas\u0131 (kahya) Ataullah Efendi taraf\u0131ndan olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli ki\u015filerin ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan bir k\u00fct\u00fcphanedir. Toplam kitap say\u0131s\u0131 540’t\u0131r. K\u00fct\u00fcphanenin Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na devrinden sonra 1924’te Ey\u00fcp’teki H\u00fcsrev Pa\u015fa K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne nakledilen Mihri\u015fah Sultan kitaplar\u0131 1957 y\u0131l\u0131nda S\u00fcleymaniye K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne nakledilmi\u015ftir. Bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f fihristi (listesi) vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ey\u00fcp’teki H\u00fcsrevpa\u015fa K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi 1980’li y\u0131llara kadar Ey\u00fcp H\u00fcsrevpa\u015fa il\u00e7e Halk K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi ad\u0131yla ayn\u0131 yerde hizmetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ancak daha sonra \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n emekli oldu\u011fundan ve yerlerine yeni eleman verilmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bezmialem Sultan K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/p>\n

Bezmialem Sultan, II. Mahmud’un zevcesi ve Abd\u00fclmecid’in annesidir. \u0130stanbul’da T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan kurulan modern ilk genel hastanenin kurucusu olan Bezmialem Sultan’\u0131n ad\u0131 t\u0131p tarihinde oldu\u011fu kadar e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim tarihinde de \u00f6nemli bir yer almaktad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn \u0130stanbul K\u0131z Lisesi olan Valide Mektebi onun eseridir.<\/p>\n

Sonradan “Dar\u00fclmaarif’ ad\u0131n\u0131 alan bu okul, orta \u00f6\u011frenim (r\u00fc\u015ftiyelerin) \u00fcst\u00fcnde \u00f6\u011fretim veriyor ve mezunlar\u0131n\u0131 Dar\u00fclf\u00fcnun s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131yla h\u00fck\u00fcmet memurluklar\u0131na haz\u0131rl\u0131yordu. Binan\u0131n uygun olmas\u0131yla 1873’te ilk m\u00fclki idadi (y\u00fcksek okullra \u00f6\u011frenci haz\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 okul) s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131, II. Abd\u00fclhamid devrinde “Mektebi M\u00fclkiye”, 1900’de “Dar\u00fclf\u00fcnun-u \u015eahane” ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u0130stanbul Dar\u00fclfunu’nun (istanbul \u00dcniversitesi’nin) baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ve sonra da “Mekteb-i Hukuk” okulu (fak\u00fclte) burada a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1909’dan sonra M\u00fclkiye Okulu ve Dar\u00fclf\u00fcnun (\u00dcniversite), Vezneciler’deki Zeynep Han\u0131m Kona\u011f\u0131’na ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve “Numune-i Terakki \u0130dadisi”, (\u00d6rnek ilerleme Lisesi) \u0130stanbul Lisesi ad\u0131yla buraya yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bu lise Galata’da ki Saint Benoit Frans\u0131z Lisesi binas\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131nca buraya ilk k\u0131z \u00f6\u011fretim kurumumuz olan ” \u0130stanbul Sel\u00e7uk Sultanisi” yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir ve ad\u0131 yapt\u0131rana verilerek “Bezmialem Sultanisi” (lisesi) olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. 1924’te bu okul “\u0130stanbul K\u0131z Lisesi” ad\u0131yla S\u00fcleymaniye’deki Me\u015fihat Dairesine (\u015eeyhlik, \u015eeyh\u00fclislaml\u0131k) ge\u00e7ince, buraya ” \u0130stanbul Erkek \u00d6\u011fretmen Okulu” ile “Y\u00fcksek \u00d6\u011fretmen Okulu” yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. 1933’te ise” “\u0130stanbul K\u0131z Lisesi” yeniden bu binaya ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bezmialem Sultan bu okulda bir litografya (ta\u015fbask\u0131) matbaas\u0131 ve bir de k\u00fct\u00fcphane kurmu\u015ftur. Sanat bak\u0131m\u0131ndan oldu\u011fu kadar (tezhip, cilt, minyat\u00fcr) kitaplar\u0131n\u0131n konular\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemli eserleri i\u00e7eren bu k\u00fct\u00fcphane sonradan Beyaz\u0131t Devlet K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne nakledilmi\u015ftir. H. 1256 (M.1840) tarihli m\u00fchr\u00fc vard\u0131r. C\u00f6mert ve iyiliksever bir han\u0131m olan Bezmialem Sultan kurdu\u011fu vak\u0131flarla, kurulu\u015funa \u00f6nayak oldu\u011fu m\u00fcesseselerinin masraflar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f ve sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolmabah\u00e7e Camii ile yan\u0131ndaki cami de onun eseridir.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul’un \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde de bir\u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fme yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2 May\u0131s 1852 tarihinde vefat etmi\u015ftir, zevci (e\u015fi) Sultan II.Mahmud t\u00fcrbesine defnedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Tiryal Han\u0131m K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/p>\n

Tiryal Han\u0131m Sultan II. Mahmud’un g\u00f6zdelerindendir. Nizameddin ad\u0131ndaki \u015fehzadesi \u00e7ocukken \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden, b\u00fct\u00fcn sevgisini Sultan Mahmud’un Pertevniyal Sultan’dan do\u011fmu\u015f olan Abd\u00fclaziz’e vermi\u015ftir.1884 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat etmi\u015ftir. Emin\u00f6n\u00fc’ndeki Yeni Camii t\u00fcrbesine g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Valide Sultan olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde sayg\u0131n bir han\u0131md\u0131r. Tiryal Han\u0131m’\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 olan kitaplar halen Topkap\u0131 Saray\u0131 M\u00fczesi K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ndedir. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k olarak kay\u0131tl\u0131 olduklar\u0131 fihristin (liste) son numaras\u0131 1130’dur.<\/p>\n

Pertevniyal Sultan K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde \u0130stanbul’da k\u00fct\u00fcphane kurmu\u015f olan han\u0131m sultanlar\u0131n sonuncusu olan Pertevniyal Sultan, II. Mahmud’un zevcesi (e\u015fi), Abd\u00fclaziz’in annesidir.<\/p>\n

1871 y\u0131l\u0131nda Aksaray’da yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Valide Camii K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi de denilen bu k\u00fct\u00fcphane, basma olmak \u00fczere 886 kitab\u0131yla birlikte 1948 y\u0131l\u0131nda S\u00fcleymaniye Yazmalar K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi’ne nakledilmi\u015ftir. Valide Camii K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi de denilen bu k\u00fct\u00fcphanenin basma fihristi (listesi) vard\u0131r. Yazmalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda cilt ve s\u00fcsleme (tezhip) sanat\u0131na ait g\u00fczel \u00f6rnekler vard\u0131r. Pertevniyal Sultan \u0130stanbul’un baz\u0131 semtlerine \u00e7e\u015fmeler, Konya’da da (1875) Aziziye Camii’ni in\u015fa ettirmi\u015ftir. Pertevniyal Sultan Aksaray\u2019daki Camii ve k\u00fct\u00fcphanenin yan\u0131nda mektep, \u00e7e\u015fme, imam ve m\u00fcezzinler i\u00e7in h\u00fccreler, muvakkithane (zaman ayarlanan yer, do\u011fru zaman\u0131n saptanmas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer) ve bir de kendisi i\u00e7in t\u00fcrbe, t\u00fcrbedar odas\u0131 yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mektebin yerine sonradan Pertevniyal Lisesi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, t\u00fcrbe ve muvakkithane yolun geni\u015fletilmesi i\u00e7in y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ayn\u0131 yerde Oru\u00e7gazi \u0130lk\u00f6\u011fretim Okulu bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde k\u00fct\u00fcphane kuran han\u0131m sultanlar ve k\u00fct\u00fcphaneleri hakk\u0131nda bulunabilen bilgiler bu kadard\u0131r. Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde de \u0130stanbul’da kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan kurulan k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler vard\u0131r. Bunlarla ilgili bilgiler ayr\u0131 bir yaz\u0131 konusu olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/p>\n

*\u0130stanbul Kad\u0131n Kad\u0131n \u0130stanbul Proje Kitab\u0131 Se\u00e7ki, Kad\u0131n Eserleri K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi ve Bilgi Merkezi Vakf\u0131 Yay\u0131n\u0131, \u0130stanbul 2010<\/p>\n

Bayraktar, N. (1963), T\u00fcrk K\u00fct\u00fcphaneciler Derne\u011fi B\u00fclteni, C.XII, Say\u0131: 3 \u2013 4.<\/p>\n

Tarihimizde Vak\u0131f Kuran Kad\u0131nlar. (1990), Yay. Haz. T\u00fclay Duran. \u0130stanbul: Tarihi Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve Dok\u00fcmantasyon Merkezleri Kurma ve Geli\u015ftirme Vakf\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kaynak:
\nYazan: Ayten \u015ean \u2013 beyazitkutup.gov.tr (27 \u015eubat 2012) (Beyaz\u0131t Devlet K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/a> M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kad\u0131n Eserleri K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi ve Bilgi Merkezi Vakf\u0131, \u0130stanbul 2010 Ajans\u0131 deste\u011fiyle y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc “\u0130stanbul Kad\u0131n Kad\u0131n \u0130stanbul” projesinin sonunda ayn\u0131 adla bir de kitap yay\u0131mland\u0131. \u0130\u015fte bu kitaptan Beyaz\u0131t Devlet K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Ayten \u015ean’\u0131n Yaz\u0131s\u0131 \u2026 Sosyal hayat\u0131m\u0131zda kad\u0131n\u0131n etkisi ve \u00f6zveriyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fler, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde hak edilen bir \u00f6neme sahip de\u011filse de i\u015fin ger\u00e7e\u011fi bu de\u011fildir. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[369],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2785","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kadin-kutuphaneleri-2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2785"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2785"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2785\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bbyhaber.com\/bby\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}